5 facts about europe's topography

The link between these peninsulas has made Europe a dominant economic, social, and cultural force throughout recorded history.Europe's physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately.Europe can be divided into four major physical regions, running from north to south: Western Uplands, North European Plain, Central Uplands, and Alpine Mountains.Western UplandsThe Western Uplands, also known as the Northern Highlands, curve up the western edge of Europe and define the physical landscape of Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, and Denmark), Finland, Iceland, Scotland, Ireland, the Brittany region of France, Spain, and Portugal.The Western Uplands is defined by hard, ancient rock that was shaped by glaciation. The volcanoes of Lemnos, an island in the Mediterranean, and Mount Etna, on the island of Sicily, were believed to be the forges of Hephaestus, the Greek god of fire. Europe's northernmost point is the Svalbard archipelago of Norway, and it reaches as far south as the islands of Greece and Malta.Europe is sometimes described as a peninsula of peninsulas. Borders between existing nations, such as Poland and Russia, were entirely redrawn.World War II (1939-1945) left about 43 million Europeans dead, including about 6 million who died in the Holocaust. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). It is the smallest country both in size and population. (South of Northern Ireland is the separate country of Ireland, which gained its independence from the U.K. in 1937.) The gods could both reward and punish travelers and traders with favorable or unfavorable sea conditions. View more property details, sales history and Zestimate data on Zillow. Nearly 100% of Ukraine's adult population is literate. France is known for being a world power and has been an economic and cultural center of Europe for hundreds of years. Topography often records the various elevations of an area using a topographical map. Europe pushing for lunar time zone, Italy migrant tragedy death toll over 60; dozens missing, World shares mixed after slight gains on Wall Street, Sun, wind aplenty, Spain vies to lead EU in green hydrogen. The highest points reached in Norway and Sweden are, respectively, Galdh Peak (8,100 feet [2,469 metres]) and Mount Kebne (6,926 feet [2,111 metres]). Other political institutions of Rome persist throughout Europe and former European colonies. The continents eastern boundary (north to south) runs along the Ural Mountains and then roughly southwest along the Emba (Zhem) River, terminating at the northern Caspian coast. All rights reserved. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The Grand Canal, Venice, Italy. Flora & FaunaMuch like its physical regions, Europe's plant and animal communities follow a general north-south orientation. It is bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the south (west to east) by the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, the Kuma-Manych Depression, and the Caspian Sea. Luxembourg is landlocked, separated from the North Sea by Belgium.. The Sami culture of Scandinavia, for example, was deeply connected to the indigenous reindeer herds of the Arctic. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Protests developed across the Muslim world, and demonstrators set fire to Danish embassies in Lebanon, Iran, and Syria. The Iron Curtain took on the physical shape of border defenses, walls, and limited diplomacy. The landlocked countries in Europe are: Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Kosovo, Liechtenstein (which is doubly landlocked), Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Moldova, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Vatican City. Its major peninsulas include Jutland and the Scandinavian, Iberian, Italian, and Balkan peninsulas. The Anatolian peninsula is the westernmost point of Asia, divided from Europe by the Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits. This region is sparsely populated except in the Rhine, Rhne, Elbe, and Danube river valleys.Alpine MountainsThe Alpine Mountains include ranges in the Italian and Balkan peninsulas, northern Spain, and southern France. Europe is the second-smallest continent. They have always been called Eastern Europe which was also, always assumed to be communist and divided by the Iron Curtain. In 2000 the population was 857 million, using a definition which includes the whole of the transcontinental countries of Russia and Turkey. Some of these facts about Europe are newer than others. Many of its events encouraged community involvement and civic engagement. Desert climates are found in the European portion of Kazakhstan and South Eastern Spain. Read important geography facts about Ireland and information about Ireland's landscapes, topography, and coastline. Sometimes considered a transcontinental country, it is located at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, [2] and is today generally regarded as part of Europe. Examples of such physiographic features can be found in the Southern Uplands of Scotland, the Massif Central of France, the Meseta Central of Spain, and the Bohemian Massif. The European Union has 23 official languages, and the continent has more than 60 indigenous languages. Lands lying at high elevations can, of course, be lands of low relief, but on the European continent relief tends to become more rugged as elevation increases. In the Alps, Mont Blanc rises to a height of 15,771 feet (4,807 metres), which is the highest point on the continent. Kazakhstan and Russia are in Asia. Routes detour around, or seek gaps through, those uplandswhose German appellation, Horst (thicket), recalls their still wooded character, while their coal basins give them great economic importance. Europe's eastern frontier is usually delineated by the Ural Mountains in Russia, which is the largest country by land area in the continent. Si prega di abilitare JavaScript. The worn-down Ural Mountains also belong in that category, and their highest point, Mount Narodnaya (6,217 feet [1,895 metres]), corresponds approximately to that of the Massif Central in south-central France. Check out this amazing list of Austria facts that include history, food, culture, and more. It runs for 2,294 miles through central Russia. National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. A growing percentage of people in urban areas are employed in a wide range of service activities, which have come to dominate the economies of most countries. Aby witryna CORDIS dziaaa poprawnie, obsuga JavaScript musi by wczona. These revolutions eventually lead to the end of the Cold War, symbolized by the falling of the Berlin Wall in 1989.Contemporary IssuesEurope is now broadly defined in the context of the European Union (EU), an economic and political body officially created by the Maastricht Treaty in 1993. Topography is the study of the Earth's surface. Related topics are discussed in such articles as those on religion (e.g., Judaism and Roman Catholicism) and literature (e.g., Greek literature; Dutch literature; and Spanish literature). The Mediterranean Sea to the south separates Europe from Africa. (The East and North European plains are known together as the European Plain.) The link between these peninsulas has made Europe a dominant economic, social, and cultural force throughout recorded history.Europes physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately.Today, Europe is home to the citizens of Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland), and Vatican City.Cultural GeographyEurope has a long history of human development and is considered the birthplace of Western Civilization. It borders nine neighbors, more than any other European country. All the major bodies of water in Europe have been fished for centuries. Land relief in Europe shows great variation within relatively small areas. Inhabited plains, with only the minor interruption of the worn-down Urals, extend from central Europe to the Yenisey River in central Siberia. 7 Fun and Fashionable DIY Animal Ears That You Should Make Look like a Fashionista by Color Coordinate Your Outfits like a Pro Introverts Vs Extroverts Which One Are You. With its central European location but geographic remoteness, the Alps region developed into a unique crossroads for Europes dominant languages, and a refuge for its archaic languages. For the political geography of Europe, see, Countries consisting solely of islands or parts of islands, Countries bordering or spanning another continent, Countries whose capital is not the most populous, List of countries by the number of other countries they border, Last edited on 19 February 2023, at 19:57, List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe, List of European tornadoes and tornado outbreaks, List of the highest European ultra-prominent peaks, Special member state territories and the European Union, Language facts European day of languages, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Europe&oldid=1140367331, Lower Danubian Plain, between Balkan Mountains and, This page was last edited on 19 February 2023, at 19:57. The continent is awash with stunning beaches so its only right that the facts of European geography include its longest beach. Still another scheme with many adherents locates the continental boundary along the Aras River and the Turkish border, thereby putting Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia in Europe. Roma are a people and culture native to central and eastern Europe. The 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference was held in Copenhagen, Denmark. This honor goes to Gouffre Mirolda in France. Some of these concepts include the idea of an elected Senate and the stationing of military troops outside a countrys home region.World War I and World War II dramatically affected the political geography of Europe. Not only is it pretty huge (2.5 times the size of Mount Vesuvius, which so famously buried Pompeii), but it is also one of the most active volcanoes in the world. The boundary continues to the Caspian Sea, the crest of the Caucasus Mountains (or, less commonly, the river Kura in the Caucasus), and on to the Black Sea. The northern lowlands are areas of glacial deposition, and, accordingly, their surface is diversified by such features as the Valdai Hills of western Russia; by deposits of boulder clay, sands, and gravels; by glacial lakes; and by the Pripet Marshes, a large ill-drained area of Belarus and Ukraine. The European bison (Bison bonasus), the heaviest land animal on the continent, is one of the most threatened species.Beginning in the 20th century, many governments and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have worked to restore some of Europe's rich biodiversity. I think the same issue applies to Turkey, which unlike Russia sees itself as belonging more to Europe than Asia, politically and economically. The climate supports a wide variety of seasonal crops. The spacious eastern steppes and, to the west and north, primeval forests as yet only marginally touched by human occupancy further underlined environmental contrasts. [3] [4] It is bordered to the north and northeast by Russia, to the . Each country could easily make a contribution with an interesting fact as the landscape changes so dramatically across small spaces, unlike other continents. Latin, the language of Rome, evolved into French in the western region, and Italian in the south. Switzerland's small sizeits total area is about half that of Scotlandand its modest population give little indication of its international significance. Europe has a long history of human development and is considered the birthplace of Western Civilization. Grades 6 - 12+ Subjects Arts and Music, Economics, Geography, Human Geography, Social Studies, World History Photograph Europe Europe is the western peninsula of the giant "supercontinent" of Eurasia. The ultimate fate of the European Space Agency's JUICE mission could drastically change should it succeed in discovering that Ganymede's ocean is both potentially habitable and accessible. Xenophobia is an intense dislike or fear of people from other places or cultures.Two events demonstrate this debate. From the smallest town in the world to the biggest church on earth, and from a knighted penguin to a country free of mosquitoes, there are hundreds of random and fun facts about Europe. I think this makes it easy to assume they are not part of continental Europe. Russia is Europe's largest country. Il sito web di CORDIS prevede che JavaScript sia abilitato per funzionare correttamente. Turku officials hope to inspire other European countries to undertake similar projects.Europe also strengthens ties between its diverse peoples and cultures by supporting multilingual education. To read all future answers to your comment, please bookmark this page. Critics argue the move was racist.Future IssuesAn important predictor of Europes political and economic future is its efforts to minimize the effects of climate change.Europe is often seen as a world leader in environmentally friendly technologies and legislation. There is ongoing debate on where the geographical centre of Europe falls. Volcanic rocks add to the diversity of those regions. A convenient division is made by a line linking the base of the peninsula of Jutland with the head of the Adriatic Sea. Table of contents: The Tallest Mountain in Europe The Largest Lake in Europe The Longest River in Europe The Highest Waterfall in Europe The Longest Beach in Europe The Deepest Cave in Europe The Tallest Volcano in Europe Biggest Glacier in Europe They are very detailed and are often produced on large sheets of paper. Nonetheless, in manufacturing and agriculture Europe still occupies an eminent, if no longer necessarily predominant, position. Greeces many earthquakes, and the tsunamis they caused, were connected to the sea god Poseidon, known as the Earth Shaker. Cults and temples centered on Poseidon were built throughout the Aegean and Mediterranean seas as a means of appeasing the god.As maritime trade and exploration developed in the region, winds and currents connected to Poseidon became important in Greek mythology. 5. Imperialism is a policy of extending a nations power and influence through diplomacy or military force. In this case, the region of Western Europe includes the regions of northern Europe, southern Europe, Central Europe, and the British Isles. In many places, including the Mediterranean and North seas, waters have been overfished. Germany's largest wooded area,. Flag. The European Union has established the Schengen Areaa zone where Europeans can travel from country to country without having to show their passports. It happens to be the longest river in Europe and covers 3,692 km/ 2,295 miles long. Biology, Ecology, Earth Science, Geology, Geography, Physical Geography. Today, this is the German-speaking region of the country.Around this same time, Roman conquerors took over present-day southern Switzerland. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Europe also supports high densities of population, concentrated in urban-industrial regions. Topography studies the . Figures for the population of Europe vary according to which definition of European boundaries is used. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. In 1397, Denmark's Queen Margaret created the Kalmar Union, which included Sweden, Finland, Norway . The study also showed that only 8 percent of respondents considered language-learning unimportant.The European Union has adopted a multilingual language policy with the goal that everyone should be able to speak at least two languages in addition to their own. A line linking the base of the peninsula of Jutland with the head of the transcontinental countries Russia! Is landlocked, separated from the North and northeast by Russia, the... Which includes the whole of the peninsula of Jutland with the head the... Been called Eastern Europe il sito web di CORDIS prevede che JavaScript sia abilitato per funzionare correttamente economic and center! Wooded area, peninsula is the German-speaking region of the Arctic high school students that. The longest River in central Siberia other political institutions of Rome, evolved French... Human development and is considered the birthplace of western Civilization Europe by Iron! 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