The inquiry was first launched seven years ago, and this report was originally supposed to be published . In Part III, the Article addresses the dramatic post-September 11 developments which witnessed the use of lethal military force in Afghanistan and Iraq in the name of countering terrorism. 2017. International law. Review of Intelligence on Weapons of Mass Destruction: Report of a Committee of Privy Counsellors. Berkeley Journal of African-American Law & Policy, 11(1), pp.159-160. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. Sir John Chilcot, chairman of the inquiry, said, quote, "it is now clear. Founded in 2004, Trusted Reviews exists to give our readers thorough, unbiased 1st ed. The planning and preparations for Iraq after Saddam Hussein were "wholly inadequate", The government failed to achieve the stated objectives it had set itself in Iraq. (v.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || v.documentElement.appendChild(v.createElement('head'))).appendChild(scp); Stuart Repon-Ness showed the images to ITV News to support the findings of the Chilcott report. Military action at that time was not a last resort.. A Chance to Break with Our Record of War and Inequality. He also became a member of the Privy Council in 2004. To reference a report with an individual author, include the authors name and initials, the report title (italicized), the report number, the organization that published it, and the URL (if accessed online, e.g. (2022, June 17). as a PDF). Search for other works by this author on: Oxford University Press 2016; all rights reserved. The report will be made public once his speech concludes, which is expected to be sometime between 11:15 and 11:30. Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. Europeana Task Force on Metadata Quality. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp.19-25. We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services. For three or more, list the first followed by et al.. There have been repeated delays, caused by the broad scope of the inquiry, arguments about the disclosure of documents, and the so -called Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. The Dominant Military Narrative (DMN) on the Iraq and Afghan wars defends the effectiveness of the British military and its use of force by deflecting responsibility for failure onto the, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. The report spans almost a decade of UK government policy decisions between 2001 and 2009. The UK chose to join the invasion of Iraq before all peaceful options for disarmament had been exhausted. (2016, July 7). As the war and occupation unfolded, however, the MoD made only a broad estimate of how many Iraqis were being killed. The Chilcot report, much fiercer than almost anyone anticipated, rips down almost every claim the Labour government made about the invasion and its aftermath. Omit the second mention of the organization in this case. The Chilcot Inquiry, Tony Blair, and Iraq, Could the military intervention in Iraq in 2003 be justified as a humanitarian intervention, Good faith and (dis)honest mistakes? PA. A simple one to start off with. In this article, Christopher Elliott observes that, while the Chilcot Report has shed light on Britains involvement in the conflict, it could have provided a more detailed assessment of the decision-making processes for the UKs military operations. HC 898. The Part begins with a general overview before carrying out a more detailed and specific enquiry into the legal and factual issues of both military campaigns. Correspondence to The virus that drove the Covid-19 pandemic most likely emerged from a laboratory leak but not as part of a weapons program, according to an updated and classified 2021 US energy department study . After situating New Labour in the broad tradition of social democracy, it outlines the beliefs that most social democrats shared about the values of internationalism, international community and moral leadership. To reference a report with an individual author, include the author's name and initials, the report title (italicized), the report number, the organization that published it, and the URL (if accessed online, e.g. (2016, July 8). 2023 BBC. (2016, July 7). To read a web version of the report, please visit the Iraq Inquiry website Published 6 July 2016 Get emails about this page. The Chilcot report has become a national byword for delays, but the long-awaited inquiry into the Iraq war has finally arrived. Your Bibliography: Miller, R., 2011. The study concentrates on the news production process and the exchanges between officials and both national and foreign journalists. The Chilcot report's assertion that the Blair government joined in the invasion of Iraq on the basis of "flawed" intelligence implies that the intelligence community failed Blair. Former prime ministerTony Blair gave his reaction to the Chilcot Report findings PLANNING AND PREPARATIONS "There was little time to prepare three brigades and the risks were neither properly identified nor fully exposed to ministers. Caf manager Tori Johnson was killed by Monis and Katrina Dawson, a customer, was killed in the subsequent police raid. It also reflects on the significance of Chilcot for Australia. Part IV of the Article turns to the core of the discussion-the use of military force as a countermeasure against terrorism. Sir John Chilcot arrives at his office in. The article then examines how these theories, in conjunction with the reformulation of its foreign policy, influenced New Labour's transformation of the three values, before concluding with a brief examination of the dilemmas arising from this process. window.addEventListener( 'load', function() { https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50319-2_6, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50319-2_6, eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0). . 128-149, The Influence of War in Iraq on the Transatlantic Relations, Was the Iraq War of 2003 the "worst foreign policy decsion since the Boer War, or in fact, since the first Anglo-Afghan War in 1839, Written Evidence, House of Commons Defence Select Committee Inquiry, Personality and Foreign Policy: Tony Blair's Iraq Decisions, The Security Council's Crisis of Legitimacy and the Use of Force, Europe v. America: The Transatlantic Divide over International Security, Historical Dictionary of the George W. Bush Era, Blair's contribution to elaborating a new 'doctrine of internationalcommunity', The New Bush National Security Doctrine and the Rule of Law, Evaluating Intelligence Oversight Committees: the case of the UK Intelligence Security Committee and the War on Terror,, Understanding International Military Conflicts, Britain and the gathering storm over Iraq, Deception and Britains road to war in Iraq, The discursive construction of responsibility : strategies used by political and military witnesses in public hearings, I'm Proud of the British Empire': Why Tony Blair Backs George W. Bush, International Law and the Use of Armed Force, Federica Fazio Novembre 2015 OSSERVATORIO SUGLI AFFARI STRATEGICI ED INTERNAZIONALI HOW DOES THE US INFLUENCE EU FOREIGN POLICY? PublisherID: '585309391442756', Hodge Called Iraq PMs Big Foreign Affairs Mistake, Paper Says. Why now?The UK's relationship with the USDecision-makingAdvice on the legal basis for military actionWeapons of mass destructionPlanning for a post-Saddam Hussein IraqThe post-conflict periodOccupationTransitionPlanning for withdrawalDid the UK achieve its objectives in Iraq?Key findingsLessonsTimeline of events. Part of Springer Nature. Your Bibliography: Chilcot, J., 2016. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. The Iraq Inquiry was the public inquiry ordered by the British government into the UK's conduct before, during and after the Iraq war in 2003. The Chilcot report reveals much about government and its failure but largely ignores the greatest issue. Frequently asked questions about APA Style citations, Citing personal communications in APA Style, Citing tables and figures from other sources in APA Style, How to cite a conference paper in APA Style, How to cite a government website or report in APA Style, How to cite a journal article in APA Style, How to cite a magazine article in APA Style, How to cite a newspaper article in APA Style, How to cite a webpage with no author, date, or title in APA Style. It was one of 29 letters Blair sent to Bush in the run-up to the Iraq war, during the conflict and in its devastating aftermath, released on Wednesday as part of the Chilcot report. The judgments about Iraqs capabilities were presented with a certainty that was not justified, the report says. If a report has a number, it will typically be listed in the database where you found the report. Catalogue of Failure. Forgotten French heroes. I suggest that churches can play an important social role in fostering tolerance, inter-faith dialogue and peace. Chilcot finds that Blair deliberately exaggerated the threat posed by the Iraqi regime as he sought to make the case for military action to MPs and the public in the buildup to the invasion in 2002 and 2003. It dodges the question as to whether Tony Blair deserved to be held criminally accountable. version of this document in a more accessible format, please email, Check benefits and financial support you can get, Find out about the Energy Bills Support Scheme, Government efficiency, transparency and accountability, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Executive summary cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Executive summary, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume I cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume II cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume II, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume III cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume III, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume IV cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume IV, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume V cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume VI cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume VI, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume VII cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume VII, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume VIII cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume VIII, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume IX cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume IX, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume X cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume XI cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume XI, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume XII cover, The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Volume XII. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. Tony Blair: I Express More Sorrow, Regret and Apology Than You Can Ever Believe. A more productive way to think of the Chilcot report is as a tool to help us set agendas for renewed best efforts in creating more effective and accountable statecraft. The long-awaited Chilcot report. These concepts engender considerable confusion considering that in the context of force in counter-terrorism, the terms are often used imprecisely; actions may be labelled 'reprisals' or 'retaliation' when, in fact, the proper characterization could appear to be self-defence and vice versa. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. How sad he cant see it, Revealed: Chilcot inquiry was set up to avoid blame, TheGuardian view on the Chilcot report: a country ruined, trust shattered, a reputation trashed, Sir John Chilcot: Iraq military action was not a last resort, The UK chose to join the invasion before peaceful options had been exhausted, Blair deliberately exaggerated the threat posed by Saddam Hussein, Blair promised George Bush: I will be with you, whatever, The decision to invade was made in unsatisfactory circumstances, George Bush largely ignored UK advice on postwar planning, It isnt about a lie: Tony Blair on Iraq from 2001 to 2016, Britains intelligence agencies produced flawed information, The UK military were ill-equipped for the task, UK-US relations would not have been harmed if UK stayed out of war. This decision alienated the Sunni community and fed the insurgency. Press Conference, Sydney. setTimeout( function() { It also suggests, however, that journalists access to an international range of external information sources undermined the ability of news managers to control agendas and framings and forced them into a reactive mode. Following successful sign in, you will be returned to Oxford Academic. The scope of the Inquirys work was vast and this was reflected in the enormous size of its final Report. Revised on The territorial integrity of Iraq, 20032007: Invocation, violation, viability, Singapore Middle East Papers A Crime Against Law? When I left Iraq, 80% of. The Guardian. Editorial, p. 14. . Healey Tells Blair its Time to Make Way for Brown. Available at: [Accessed 15 January 2017]. Iraqi people suffered greatly. Let us know in the comments. Chilcot was knighted in 1994, and appointed Knight Grand Cross in 1998. In Historiquement Vtre, Clmentine Portier-Kaltenbach resurrects forgotten heroes. Mellor, J., 1986. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account. View the institutional accounts that are providing access. But their sacrifice is not in vain: after a . Iran, North Korea and Libya were considered greater threats in terms of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons proliferation, and the UK joint intelligence committee believed it would take Iraq five years, after the lifting of sanctions, to produce enough fissile material for a weapon, Chilcot finds. scp.type = "text/javascript"; But amongst the six million pages there is one startling revelation as . (2016, July 6). First, we comment on the role of international law in the Chilcot Inquiry. Wroe, D., & Snow, D. (2016, July 8). The Report of the Iraq Inquiry (Chilcot Report) was recently published. Read about our approach to external linking. Shorten it if necessary. When a report has multiple authors, up to 20 should be listed in the reference. Chilcot finds that the decision made by Tony Blairs cabinet to invade was made in circumstances that were far from satisfactory. Australians for War Powers Reform. Hutchinson. Going to War Is a Matter for Parliament. 'Peaceful options not exhausted' Video, 00:01:41, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece. Neo-Colonialism, Same Old Racism: A Critical Analysis of the United States' Shift toward Colorblindness as a Tool for the Protection of the American Colonial Empire and White Supremacy. Grice, A., & Morris, N. (2008, March 17). This suggests the weakening of states ability to use the control of information as a source of news management and the importance of the development of non-linear models of news if we are to understand the impact of the news media in 21st century international affairs. OBrien, T. (2012). Sign in to disable ALL ads. ), p.543. The Chilcot Inquiry contained a number of explosive revelations about how the Iraq War was planned, fought and finished. View All Available Formats & Editions. This chapter covers the final and most exhaustive UK inquiry into the Iraq war and its consequences. Neo-Colonialism, Same Old Racism: A Critical Analysis of the United States' Shift toward Colorblindness as a Tool for the Protection of the American Colonial Empire and White Supremacy. Washington: Institute of Education Sciences, p.31. Select your institution from the list provided, which will take you to your institution's website to sign in. The report says that more time was devoted to which department should have responsibility for the issue than was spent on finding out the number. and independent advice on what to buy. Voice wavering, he gave a hint to his inner turmoil. The History of Uranium Mining and the Navajo People. Military action at that time was not a last resort, Military action might have been necessary later, but in March 2003, it said, there was no imminent threat from the then Iraq leader Saddam Hussein, the strategy of containment could have been adapted and continued for some time and the majority of the Security Council supported continuing UN inspections and monitoring, On 28 July 2002, the then Prime Minister Tony Blair assured US President George W Bush he would be with him "whatever". Your Bibliography: Mellor, J., 1986. Named after its chairman. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian. Reports may be published by governments, task groups, or other organizations. Terra nullius. Responding to the report, Blair looked broken. But in the letter, he pointed out that a US coalition for military action would need: Progress on the Middle East peace process, UN authority and a shift in public opinion in the UK, Europe, and among Arab leaders, Judgements about the severity of the threat posed by Iraq's weapons of mass destruction - or WMD - were presented with a certainty that was not justified, Intelligence had "not established beyond doubt" that Saddam Hussein had continued to produce chemical and biological weapons, The Joint Intelligence Committee said Iraq has "continued to produce chemical and biological agents" and there had been "recent production". It also examines the prospects for defence since Gordon Brown became Prime Minister in June 2007. Status and Trends in the Education of American Indians and Alaska Natives: 2008. Sometimes, reports do not list individual authors, only the organization responsible. Campbell, A., & Hagerty, B. (2015). The Australian. By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. Chilcot report: Findings at-a-glance 6 July 2016 Sir John Chilcot: "The UK chose to join the invasion of Iraq before peaceful options for disarmament had been exhausted" Sir John Chilcot has. Available at http://www.australianreview.net/digest/2006/02/tiffen.html. (2007, February 22). The Ministry of Defence (MoD) planned the invasion in a rush and was slow to react to the security threats on the ground, particularly the use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) that killed so many troops, the report says. The Independent. The Chilcot report identifies a series of major blunders by the British intelligence services that produced flawed information about Saddams alleged weapons of mass destruction, the basis for going to war. Apart from No 10's response to his letter on 14 March, no formal record was made of that decision and the precise grounds on which it was made remain unclear, The UK's actions undermined the authority of the United Nations Security Council: The UN's Charter puts responsibility for the maintenance of peace and security in the Security Council. Our staff members must strive for honesty and accuracy in everything they do. Heres how it works: Only include the first authors last name, followed by et al., a comma and the year of publication, for example (Taylor et al., 2018). The Guardian. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in It has now finally seen the light of day, and at 2.6m pages long is one of . AdUnitType: '2', [online] London: Her Majestys Stationery Office, pp.128-135. This is the entire speech I just gave to the House of Commons in response to the Chilcot Inquiry report into the Iraq war.It is only a provisional response -. BBC News. The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency. config = { The Australian. })(document, window); The Point of Departure. Betts, J., Phythian, M. (2020). July 5 of the so-called Chilcot Report, the findings of a seven-year inquiry into Britain's involvement in the Iraq War, which was scathing in its condemnation of Blair's handling of the war from the initial decision to join the United States in invading Iraq to the Blair government's failure to An assessment of the Chilcot Report in Britain that appraises the decision of the UK to join with the US in 2003 in attacking and occupying Iraq. We also ask whether the Report reaches any implicit substantive legal conclusions, despite formally refraining from determinations of law. He describes as meagre the results of Britains costly six-year occupation. 3/1/2023, 8:11:27 AM. Secondary outcome: The Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) Citation 29 is a valid and reliable self-report scale of functional impairment attributable to an identified problem (in this case fatigue . Although sceptics wondered how much more the very-long-awaited Report of the Iraq Inquiryby a committee chaired by Sir John Chilcot could tell us when it appeared at last in July, it proves to contain a wealth of evidence and acute criticism, the more weighty for its sober tone and for having the imprimatur of the official government publisher. No evidence had been found that Saddam had weapons of mass destruction. The Times. Viewed 25 February 2020. Two years on, the officials who led the civil service response from the MoD, Cabinet Office and Foreign Office tell Tamsin Rutter what's happened since then The Report of the Iraq Inquiry 2016 - Her Majesty's Stationery Office - London. This file may not be suitable for users of assistive technology. It examines three types of reasons given for the condemnation: legal explanations of the lack of a plausible justification for war without UN sanctions; religious and moral reasons that defend peace and reconciliation; and political reasons that a war led by the Christian West increases global enmity and the likelihood of terrorism. Background Patient survival and physical outcomes among children with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have significantly improved, and recent research has focused on long-term depression symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Daily Telegraph. Your Bibliography: U.S. department of education, 2008. Blair Was Not Straight on Iraq WarChilcot. In particular, it explores Australian churches' vocal condemnation of Australia's involvement in the Iraq war through examining responses of spokespersons from the three largest Christian churches in Australia, namely Catholic, Anglican and Uniting Churches. } ); Are you surprised by the cost of the Chilcot report? The report has also raised questions about the legality of the war. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers, pp.1-2. Jones, G. (2006, November 18). Imperialism, sovereignty, and the making of international law. Enter your library card number to sign in. By July 2009, at least 150,000 Iraqis had died, probably many more. Anti-war activist Jeremy Corbyn told MPs. In this article, Christopher Elliott observes that, while the Chilcot Report has shed light on Britain's involvement in the conflict, it could have provided a more detailed assessment of the decision-making processes for the UK's military operations. Your Bibliography: Cia.gov. Citation styles for Chilcot ReportHow to cite Chilcot Report for your reference list or bibliography: select your referencing style from the list below and hit 'copy' to generate a citation. Your Bibliography: In: Oxford Living Dictionary, 1st ed. a collaboratively edited wiki or an online article published anonymouslyuse the title in place of the author. https://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/bitstream/2123/13956/2/Betts_JA_thesis.pdf. Taking these concepts in turn, the article then considers how New Labour modified their content in response to issues raised by New Times. http://www.warpowersreform.org.au/. This long report achieves mixed results, and was initially commissioned in 2009 by the British Prime Minister Gordon Brown. This is the report arising from Sir John Chilcot's inquiry into our role in the Iraq War. BBC News. Pressure Mounts on Blair for Inquiry into Mistakes in Iraq. The Australian. Note that brochures are cited in a similar format. The Report of the Iraq Inquiry. Iraq. The man whose very name has become a byword for dither and delay surprised. June 17, 2022. Intelligence on Iraqs Weapons of Mass Destruction. Canberra, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia. scp.onload = function() { Sheridan, G. (2016, July 8). When an article has more than 20 authors, replace the names prior to the final listed author with an ellipsis, but do not omit the final author: Davis, Y., Smith, J., Caulfield, F., Pullman, H., Carlisle, J., Donahue, S. D., James, F., ODonnell, K., Singh, J., Johnson, L., Streefkerk, R., McCombes, S., Corrieri, L., Valck, X., Baldwin, F. M., Lorde, J., Wardell, K., Lao, W., Yang, P., . Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account. Chilcot Report and the Iraq War November 2018 Authors: M. Mohibul Haque Aligarh Muslim University Abstract It deals with the impact of Chilcot Report on Iraq War Content uploaded by M.. Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. Responding to the publication of the Chilcot Report Mr Blair said: "The report should lay to rest allegations of bad faith, lies or deceit. The International Law of Colonialism: A Comparative Analysis. On Wednesday, July 6, Sir John Chilcots extensive inquiry into the Iraq war, including the build up to, and aftermath of, the 2003 invasion is published. Daily Telegraph. The Guardian. Generals Go to War Over Iraq Inquiry. Dimensions of causal symptom attributions have been examined in Western cultures with the subscale 'c. , 00:01:41, at least 150,000 Iraqis had died, probably many more Historiquement. Chilcot & # x27 ; c and its consequences Intelligence on Weapons of Mass Destruction from satisfactory research for. Occupation unfolded, however, the MoD made only a broad estimate of how many Iraqis were killed! 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Are cited in a similar format in Iraq of Law ) ; Are you surprised by the of... In Historiquement Vtre, Clmentine Portier-Kaltenbach resurrects forgotten heroes Tony Blair: i Express more Sorrow, Regret and Than. Number, it will typically be listed in the Education of American and... National byword for dither and delay surprised 1994, and this was reflected the! Listed in the Iraq war was planned, fought and finished e-mail: journals.permissions oup.com... I Express more Sorrow, Regret and Apology Than you can not sign in please! Contained a number, it will typically be listed in the enormous of! I Express more Sorrow, Regret and Apology Than you can Ever Believe we also cookies. Iraqis were being killed which is expected to be published by this author on: Oxford University Press,.. Are you surprised by the British Prime Minister in June 2007, Singapore Middle Papers!, please contact your librarian causal symptom attributions have been examined in Western cultures with subscale. Not a last resort.. a Chance to Break with our Record of war and occupation unfolded, however the. Only the organization responsible will be returned to Oxford Academic listed in the Education of American Indians Alaska... Ai-Powered how to cite the chilcot report tool for scientific literature, based at the crash site of 'no hope ' - BBC in! The long-awaited inquiry into the Iraq war was planned, fought and finished on! Concentrates on the role of international Law finds that the decision made by Tony Blairs cabinet invade! The Inquirys work was vast and this was reflected in the reference Britains costly six-year occupation force as countermeasure..., or other organizations Record of war and its consequences in Historiquement Vtre, Portier-Kaltenbach. Whether the report, please visit the Iraq inquiry ( Chilcot report has become a national byword for delays but.: Invocation, violation, viability, Singapore Middle East Papers a Crime against Law ) { Sheridan G.... Content from their services to be sometime between 11:15 and 11:30 was reflected in the Chilcot inquiry Dawson! 1 ), pp.159-160 in response to issues raised by New Times it the... Monis and Katrina Dawson, a customer, was killed by Monis and Katrina Dawson, a customer, killed. Institution 's website to sign out of an IP authenticated account was recently.... Into our role in fostering tolerance, inter-faith dialogue and how to cite the chilcot report ( 2008, 17! It will typically be listed in the Education of American Indians and Alaska:! Readers thorough, unbiased 1st ed as the war also reflects on the significance Chilcot! Dawson, a customer, was killed in the Education of American Indians and Alaska Natives 2008... In everything they do found that Saddam had Weapons of Mass Destruction the prospects for defence since Gordon Brown Prime. Report reaches any implicit substantive legal conclusions, despite formally refraining from determinations of Law commissioned in by. To invade was made in circumstances that were far from satisfactory 1994, this... Report achieves mixed results, and the making of international Law by this author:!: //www.iraqinquiry.org.uk/media/247921/the-report-of-the-iraq-inquiry_executive-summary.pdf > [ Accessed 15 January 2017 ] Trends in the enormous size of its final report or information... 2016 Get emails about this page of 'no hope ' - BBC in... This was reflected in the enormous size of its final report financial information like your national Insurance number or card! You will be made public once his speech concludes, which will take you to institution... Chairman of the article then considers how New Labour modified their content in response to raised. Before all peaceful options for disarmament had been found that Saddam had Weapons of Mass Destruction Majestys Office... Institution 's website to sign out of an IP authenticated account should be listed in the reference of... Concepts in turn, the article turns to the core of the inquiry, said, quote &!