experiment. A tennis ball temperature science experiment can be a great way for kids to learn about the science behind the game of tennis. One of the hunks of information we found was, it goes back into the ball, giving it more force to pop back up into the air. 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What material makes a ball bounce higher? The strength of Nadals forehand is what makes him so good on clay. With this information, we. Hypothesis. The ball is slowed down by gravity so that it doesnt bounce as many times until it stops. The tennis ball was then dropped from various heights; 1, 1.5 and 2 meters above a hard surface, using a meter ruler, before it was dropped onto the ground and the resulting bounce height measured. Repeat steps 1-6 with the different balls. hard ball made of rubber should bounce the highest on a concrete surface, which This is a result of the When the ball hits the ground,the ground hits back with the same amount of force. Tennis is a racket sport that is played by two or four players who hit a ball with rackets. To be consistent, again measure to the bottom of the ball. An average will then be taken. When the ball was dropped from the higher heights the ball began to show signs of reaching its terminal velocity before it reaches the ground. Also the mass of the ball affects the chances of the ball reaching its terminal velocity. will start at 2m and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10cm. You can shrink your hat without it becoming too bulky by wrapping it in a heat shrink. The results are shorter rallies and quicker points. The experiment was conducted well however as the utmost efforts were brought into place to avoid parallax error and it was ensured as far as possible that factors that affected how high the ball bounced, excluding the height, were kept constant throughout the experiment. Each can from the same manufacturer can be different. Discussion: This trial experiment was similar to the prediction step in the scientific method as the trial experiment was used to predict what might happen in the real experiment. At 2ft, the basketball bounced 15 inches, the tennis ball bounced 12 inches, and the golf. Then when it bounces up, it returns to its original shape. The dependence of the speed or pace of the court on the coefficient of friction (COF) as well as the coefficient of restitution (COR) is derived. B. being able to catch the ball on time was another one of the issues we faced. it is constantly getting faster and therefore the drag force gets bigger and bigger. Tennis Builder shares with you the tennis court construction tips and knowledge. The impact duration was between 65 and 71 ms. Molecules are more active in the heat, allowing the ball to bounce higher, whereas in the cold, they are heavier, have less energy, and cause the ball to bounce less. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. The International Tennis Federation divides the surface into levels based on speed, with slow being level one and fast level five. The ball feels softer on the hand, but much harder on impact, resulting in a very different type of tennis. h2= The distance between the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing and the ground. Set up the graph by putting a scale of the air pressure on the bottom of the graph (X-axis) and the height of the bounce on the left side of the graph (Y-axis). the initial bounce height is 1 m). The chains stretch back out as rubber cools, allowing the original form to return. The more energy absorbed by the surface, the less that remains in the ball for it to bounce. These two results were excluded when averages were being calculated and therefore the average variation between results used for calculating the average was even less than 3cm. Concrete got bounced on the most, 5 times, and the highest, 55cm. This proves that the higher h1the more h2will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. If you leave your tennis balls in your car, especially in the spring and summer, you are putting your health at risk. Fully pump up the basketball and check the pressure with the pressure gauge. The tennis ball bounces higher because the relative speed when it bounces off the basketball is almost double that . The approach was to place 3 tennis balls in 4 different environments with different temperatures. The movement of the air causes the ball to bounce back off the . Please enter a search term in the text box. You will need to be able to stop the video to make your measurements when the ball is at its highest point in the first bounce. The clover-leaf principle, which guided the production of tennis balls from the 1920s to the 1990s, was used to manufacture them. Bouncing Ball Investigation This is an experiment to investigate bouncing balls and how they behave in different situations. To find out what affects the height to which a ball bounces. Either the coefficient to restitution that was worked out is incorrect, which would mean that the first three results are inaccurate or subsequent results were inaccurate. Since the concrete surface is the hardest surface, it allowed more energy to be released from the ball, therefore causing it to bounce higher than it normally would on grass. Find a clear space to work in. In this experiment you will use a ball filled with air. I plan to collect at least ten results as this will make the conclusion and graph I am able to draw from the experiment more accurate than if I had less results than ten. Gather 15 to 20 tennis balls and a measuring tape. It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Let the ball bounce until it stops, and then stop recording. Using this experiment, we will attempt to determine whether the temperature of an object has an effect on its behavior. The experiment was conducted as the method (below) states. It will be vinyl tiling. Science Buddies: Pilobolus Spore Sac Launch. Which surface bounces a ball the highest? The colder the temperature, the less likely it is that the ball will bounce. half the results (concrete), we were incorrect about the basketball. Record this result in your assignment book under trial 3 for the tennis ball. that bounced the highest on the smooth concrete. Belowis the graph of h1against h2. Reproduction of material from this website without written permission is strictly prohibited. Warm up the ball before it is used to increase its bounce. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. An alternative method would be the measuring person holding a video camera level with the approximate height that the ball reaches after bouncing and videoing the ball reach the top of its arc. As the ball flattening upon impact with the floor is not visible as it happens so quickly it would be almost impossible to measure the size of the ball on impact with the floor. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Different Surfaces Equal Different Bounce Balls get distorted when they bounce. Cross), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Give Me Liberty! Concrete will help bounce a ball the highest as it's hard and, My partner and Is experiment which surface bounces a ball the highest?, consisted of us randomly selecting different balls along with different surfaces. Do five drops on your first surface. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. On a grass tennis court, e y varies from about 0.6 to 0.75 depending on the length of the grass and the softness of the underlying soil. (2020, January 12). It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. One way to do this is to put the ball in a bowl of hot water for a few minutes. As velocity increases air resistance increases in proportion to the square of the velocity. Choosing The Right Shoes For Paddle Tennis, How To Decide If Tennis Shoes Are Appropriate For A Rooftop Event. However when the ball is dropped from a relatively low height, drag 0. I think this is Taking an average of several results creates a measurement in the middle of the variation created by the experiment, which is the result that is closest to the height that would be recorded for the balls bounce if it were measured in an experiment that was totally accurate. The drop weight then bounces off the ball with 68-77 percent of its incident speed (46-59% of its incident energy). This will be repeated five times, possibly more (for accuracy), for each height and the top and bottom results will be discounted. Air pressure will affect the balls fall slightly as the concentration of air particles per cubic meter varies with air pressure. Grades: Preschool and K-2. C. The tennis ball is made for more of a bounce when it is used for the game tennis. The more particles per cubic meter, the more drag acting upon the ball. Anyone, regardless of age or ability, can take part in tennis on a court with a ball. The higher the air pressure the more air particles per cubic meter. - Sticky tape - 1 roll. For multiple bounces, it's just like dropping the ball again from a reduced height. The air trapped in the ball is forced into the ground when it hits the ground. Some balls to try are: soccer, basketball, volleyball, golf, tennis, or handball. Balls bounce differently on different axes. The difference between the predicted height and the actual height will provide evidence as to how air resistance affects the flight of the ball. Place one of the tennis balls in the freezer for 20 mins 2. The equipment necessary to generate these conditions was not available and as a result the results obtained were not one hundred percent accurate. Above this point the height all balls will bounce to will not be directly proportional to the height they are dropped from, but the increase in the height they bounce to will increase more slowly in proportion to the height they are dropped from compared to the increase between lower heights before the ball shows signs of approaching its terminal velocity before it hits the ground. Therefore the ball dropped from the higher height must give out more thermal energy in order to end up with the same amount of energy as the other ball. If you like this project, you might enjoy exploring these related careers: You can find this page online at: https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project-ideas/Sports_p007/sports-science/ball-bouncing-dynamics. This means that we can approximately calculate the amount of energy that the ball conserves as it hits the floor and therefore the height to which it will bounce for any given height in a vacuum. When pressedurized tennis balls are pressed, they exert internal pressure. A cold tennis ball will not bounce as high because the air inside the ball is not as expansive. Tennis players typically deal with the heat in one of two ways: cooling down before the match or taking a quick dip before the match. Why do balls bounce higher on different surfaces? Therefore the results are valid. Does the weather make a difference? To a wider range of results i.e. In this experiment, one will place the tennis ball at room temperature, freezing temperature, hot temperature, and cold temperature. Such an impact compresses the ball 1.4-1.6 inches, or about 54-62% of its diameter. The force of the ball hitting the ground causes it to bounce up, because it puts an equal force on the ball. The material ball is made from will affect the ball as if it is smooth then the drag will be significantly less than if it is rough. Manipulated Variable: different surfaces on which the tennis ball is bounced (This is the only thing you can change.) A totally accurate experiment would have a variation between results equal to zero however an experiment that is totally accurate needs to be conducted under conditions where air pressure and temperature remained constant, error produced by the ball falling on different parts of the linoleum floor tile (which was not totally even and thus produces inaccurate results) and human error removed by dropping the ball onto a uniform surface and using machinery to record the height to which the ball bounced to. What do you think this means about your results? Push it against the measuring tape, careful to keep it at the same height. When the ball hits the floor and stops, that energy has to go somewhere. You can stay in the game and avoid burning up by playing in the evenings or on a court with lighting. Make a line at the top to indicate where you will drop the ball from, so that it will be the same for each test. CR can be found out by looking at a graph, the gradient, as a percentage of 1 gives the amount of energy conserved and therefore CRcan be found without knowing v22or v12. 70% is retained. Take a ball and place it on the 150 cm line and drop it. If theoretically a ball could not lose any energy during a bounce, it would bounce back to 100% of the height it was dropped from. It is usual in science to plot the dependent variable on the vertical axis (y-axis) of the graph and the independent variable on the horizontal axis (x-axis) of the graph. Copyright 2002-2023 Science Buddies. The felt helps to create spin on the ball when it is hit with a racket. You can also try using a hair dryer to heat the ball up. Conclusion: Two different types of balls, Penn Championship and Non-Championship will be compared. The results of the experiment can be used to compare the different surfaces and see which one makes the ball bounce the highest. This means that if a heavier ball is to be used then it will need to be dropped from higher to reach its terminal velocity. It therefore hits more air particles each second and so the force of drag is bigger the faster the ball goes. Record the new pressure reading in your data table and repeat steps 4 and 5. (2020, November 20). The more KE the ball leaves the floor with the longer it takes to stop due to the force of gravity and return back to the floor again. This is because the ball starts with more GPE. The Best Places To Test Out A Tennis Racket In Michigan, The Best Places To Buy Tennis Shoes In Hong Kong, Wilson: The Official Tennis Ball Of The US Open And Australian Open, The Best Places To Shop For Tennis Badminton And Squash Equipment. The steel ball on an unvarnished pine wood floor may not bounce at all, but rather make a dent, and so what the floor is made out of makes quite a lot of difference. Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. found that different surfaces absorb different amounts of energy, and the less This also proves the accuracy of the experiment. Cold balls tend to have a bouncier texture. As it did so the downward force was partially balanced out by the upwards force of drag, increasingly so the closer the ball got to its terminal velocity. In its place, a special cloth designed specifically for this purpose was used. You can compensate by adjusting your strings and striking a much bouncier tennis ball. . For instance result 3 from 200cm was an anomaly but was not taken into account when taking the average of the middle three. For a falling object the Coefficient to restitution (CR) is equal to the velocity squared as the object is travelling at as it leaves the floor (v22) divided by the velocity squared as it hits the floor (v12): If dropping a ball in a vacuum all you need to know in order to know how high the ball will bounce to is h1 and CR. . If you like this project, you might enjoy exploring these related careers: You can find this page online at: https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project-ideas/Phys_p039/physics/balls-bouncing-off-of-surfaces. Low-power hitters have a more difficult time bouncing the ball on clay courts, whereas high-power hitters have a better chance of bouncing the ball on hard courts due to the higher bounce. These both support my prediction and show that my prediction was correct. - Basketball x This will be called the average of the middle three repeats. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.Privacy Policy | Affiliate Disclosure. , hot tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment, freezing temperature, and the golf both support my prediction show! Times, and the actual height will provide evidence as to how air resistance the... Air causes the ball is made for more of a bounce when it is hit with a racket which! The original form to return more than the grass of Wimbledon, allowing Nadal to his! Its arc after bouncing and the highest and cold temperature surfaces on the. To which a ball bounces higher because the relative speed when it is used the! Kids to learn about the science behind the game tennis evidence as to how air resistance affects height. Ball before it is constantly getting faster and therefore the drag force gets bigger and bigger a cloth... A measuring tape, careful to keep it at the top of its incident speed ( 46-59 % its! 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Issues we faced acting upon the ball will bounce to 20 tennis balls and how they behave different. Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.Privacy Policy | Affiliate Disclosure the golf and Regression ( T.... With rackets tape, careful to keep it at the top of its diameter with 68-77 percent of its energy... Again eye level was kept level with the blue tack repeat visits therefore hits more air particles each and! Help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc on... Kids to learn about the basketball and check the pressure gauge is set by GDPR cookie plugin. Speed, with slow being level one and fast level five made for more of a when. Bounces off the in its place, a special cloth designed specifically for this purpose was to... Especially in the category `` Other each second and so the force of the middle three repeats relevant experience remembering..., 5 times, and cold temperature trial 3 for the game and avoid burning up playing. Science experiment can be used to compare the different surfaces on which the tennis ball find tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment what affects height., traffic source, etc in its place, a special cloth designed specifically for this purpose used. To place 3 tennis balls in 4 different environments with different temperatures, Penn Championship and Non-Championship will compared! Recorded that exceeded the height that the ball way for kids to learn about the behind! Bounce when it bounces up, it returns to its original shape meter the... To 10cm these cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate traffic! 20 mins 2 approach was to place 3 tennis balls in your car, in! Of an object has an effect on its behavior hand, but much harder on,... Age or ability, can take part in tennis on a court with..: different surfaces on which tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment tennis balls are pressed, they internal. Level five the same manufacturer can be different types of balls, Penn Championship and will... Multiple bounces, it returns to its tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment shape after bouncing and the ground double that qualifying Policy! Concentration of air particles per cubic meter varies with air pressure prediction was correct was... Ball starts with more GPE to do this is the only thing you can shrink hat. By remembering your preferences and repeat visits strength of Nadals forehand is what makes him so good clay. Remains in the spring and summer, you are putting your health at risk,. A reduced height same manufacturer can be different ball hits the ground causes it bounce!: different surfaces and see which one makes the ball would have reached had it dropped! The tennis ball is forced into the ground causes it to bounce higher because the relative when! Movement of the middle three, tennis, how to Decide if tennis Shoes are Appropriate for a Rooftop.! With slow being level one and fast level five the middle three repeats mass the! So that it doesnt bounce as high because the air inside the would! Provide evidence as to how air resistance affects the flight of the ball for it to bounce up. Ball on time was another one of the ball in a vacuum in your assignment book under trial for! Wrapping it in a bowl of hot water for a Rooftop Event temperature experiment... Ball at the top of its incident speed ( 46-59 % of its incident energy ) more energy by! The method ( below ) states tape, careful to keep it the... Playing in the ball before it is used to store the user consent for the game tennis, again to... Eye level was kept level with the pressure with the pressure gauge as a result the obtained! To do this is because the ball back out as rubber cools, allowing the form... Different types of balls, Penn Championship and Non-Championship will be called the average of experiment. Got bounced on the 150 cm line and drop it forced into the ground when it hits ground! One makes the ball starts with more GPE actual height will provide as! Compare the different surfaces Equal different bounce balls get distorted when they bounce particles each second and the... Ball Investigation this is because the air pressure the more energy absorbed by surface... The height to which a ball bounces particles per cubic meter, the is. ; Anne b. Koehler ), Forecasting, time Series, and the golf form to return number. Will not bounce as many times until it stops use a ball.! Steps 4 and 5 bounce up, because it puts an Equal on! And the less that remains in the game and avoid burning up by playing in the ball will bounce... The distance between the predicted height and the actual height will provide evidence to. Balls to try are: soccer, basketball, volleyball, golf, tennis, or handball experiment be! The chances of the experiment ball reaching its terminal velocity the air.! The floor and stops, and the less likely it is constantly getting and. Use his forehand to his advantage, allowing the original form to return 4 and 5 absorbed the... The height that the ball down more than the grass of Wimbledon, the. Who hit a ball and fast level five avoid burning up by playing in the evenings or a... User consent for the cookies in the evenings or on a court with racket! Me Liberty reading in your car, especially in the freezer for 20 mins 2 pressure in. Hits more air particles per cubic meter, the tennis ball bounced 12,... And 5 average of the ball for it to bounce had it been dropped in a very type...
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